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General Information:

Id:	737
Diseases:	Parkinson disease
Organism:	Rattus norvegicus
Tissue/Cell line:	BTO:0001009 PC-12 cell
Publication type:	article
Reference:	Rodriguez-Blanco J et al.(2008) Intracellular signaling pathways involved in post-mitotic dopaminergic PC12 cell death induced by 6-hydroxydopamine. J. Neurochem. 107: 127-140 [PMID: 18665912]

Interaction Information:

Comment	6-OHDA induces 40% cell death after 24 h of treatment.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4126	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_activity of process neuron death

Comment	Production of free radicals in the cells is significantly increased after 2h treatment with 6-OHDA. Besides the increase in intracellular oxidants, 6-OHDA also causes mitochondrial function impairment and DNA damage. Altogether, these events induce loss of mitochondrial potential, cytochrome c release and initiation of the apoptotic process.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4127	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_quantity of drug/chemical compound Reactive oxygen species

Comment	Production of free radicals in the cells is significantly increased after 2h treatment with 6-OHDA. Besides the increase in intracellular oxidants, 6-OHDA also causes mitochondrial function impairment and DNA damage. Altogether, these events induce loss of mitochondrial potential, cytochrome c release and initiation of the apoptotic process.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4128	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_activity of process mitochondrial depolarization

Comment	Production of free radicals in the cells is significantly increased after 2h treatment with 6-OHDA. Besides the increase in intracellular oxidants, 6-OHDA also causes mitochondrial function impairment and DNA damage. Altogether, these events induce loss of mitochondrial potential, cytochrome c release and initiation of the apoptotic process.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4129	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_activity of process release of cytochrome c from mitochondria

Comment	Production of free radicals in the cells is significantly increased after 2h treatment with 6-OHDA. Besides the increase in intracellular oxidants, 6-OHDA also causes mitochondrial function impairment and DNA damage. Altogether, these events induce loss of mitochondrial potential, cytochrome c release and initiation of the apoptotic process.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4130	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_activity of process neuron apoptotic process

Comment	Caspase 3 activity is significantly increased after 12 hours of 6-OHDA exposure.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4131	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_activity of gene/protein CASP3
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for CASP3
Drugbank DB01017	Minocycline negative modulator CASP3
Drugbank DB03124	5-[4-(1-Carboxymethyl-2-Oxo-Propylcarbam ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB06862	2-HYDROXY-5-(2-MERCAPTO-ETHYLSULFAMOYL)- ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB07696	methyl (3S)-3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amin ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB08213	1-METHYL-5-(2-PHENOXYMETHYL-PYRROLIDINE- ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB08229	[N-(3-DIBENZYLCARBAMOYL-OXIRANECARBONYL) ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB08251	4-[5-(2-CARBOXY-1-FORMYL-ETHYLCARBAMOYL) ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB08497	(1S)-2-oxo-1-phenyl-2-[(1,3,4-trioxo-1,2 ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB08498	(1S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-oxo-2-[(1,3,4- ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB08499	N-[3-(2-fluoroethoxy)phenyl]-N'-(1,3,4-t ... not specified CASP3
Drugbank DB03124	5-[4-(1-Carboxymethyl-2-Oxo-Propylcarbam ... not specified CASP3

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4134	drug/chemical compound Ascorbate decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4135	drug/chemical compound Estradiol NOT decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for Estradiol
Drugbank DB00783	Estradiol agonist ESR1
Drugbank DB00783	Estradiol not specified NR1I2
Drugbank DB00783	Estradiol agonist ESR2

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4136	drug/chemical compound Trolox NOT decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4137	drug/chemical compound Melatonin decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for Melatonin
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin not specified ASMT
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin agonist MTNR1A
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin agonist MTNR1B
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin agonist RORB
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin not specified CALM1
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin not specified CALR
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin not specified NQO2
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin inhibitor MPO
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin antagonist ESR1
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin inhibitor EPX

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4138	drug/chemical compound Taurine decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4139	drug/chemical compound Curcumin decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4140	drug/chemical compound Vanillate decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for Vanillate
Drugbank DB08711	VANILLATE not specified xynY

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4142	drug/chemical compound Gallate decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA

Comment	6-OHDA-treatment increases phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, its direct target MAPKAPK-2 and JNK and its target c-jun.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4143	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_phosphorylation of gene/protein MAPK3
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for MAPK3
Drugbank DB00605	Sulindac inhibitor MAPK3
Drugbank DB01169	Arsenic trioxide inducer MAPK3
Drugbank DB02733	Purvalanol inhibitor MAPK3
Drugbank DB04604	5-iodotubercidin not specified MAPK3
Drugbank DB02733	Purvalanol inhibitor MAPK3

Comment	6-OHDA-treatment increases phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, its direct target MAPKAPK-2 and JNK and its target c-jun.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4145	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_phosphorylation of gene/protein MAPK1
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for MAPK1
Drugbank DB01064	Isoproterenol inducer MAPK1
Drugbank DB01169	Arsenic trioxide inducer MAPK1
Drugbank DB02116	Olomoucine not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB02482	Phosphonothreonine not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB02733	Purvalanol inhibitor MAPK1
Drugbank DB04338	SB220025 not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB06877	N,N-DIMETHYL-4-(4-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOL-3-YL ... not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB07010	N-BENZYL-4-[4-(3-CHLOROPHENYL)-1H-PYRAZO ... not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB07264	(S)-N-(1-(3-CHLORO-4-FLUOROPHENYL)-2-HYD ... not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB07788	(3R,5Z,8S,9S,11E)-8,9,16-TRIHYDROXY-14-M ... not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB07794	5-(2-PHENYLPYRAZOLO[1,5-A]PYRIDIN-3-YL)- ... not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB07905	(1aR,8S,13S,14S,15aR)-5,13,14-trihydroxy ... not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB08513	[4-({5-(AMINOCARBONYL)-4-[(3-METHYLPHENY ... not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB08521	4-[5-(4-FLUORO-PHENYL)-2-(4-METHANESULFI ... not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB02482	Phosphonothreonine not specified MAPK1
Drugbank DB02733	Purvalanol inhibitor MAPK1

Comment	6-OHDA-treatment increases phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, its direct target MAPKAPK-2 and JNK and its target c-jun.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4146	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_phosphorylation of gene/protein p38 MAPK

Comment	6-OHDA-treatment increases phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, its direct target MAPKAPK-2 and JNK and its target c-jun.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4147	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_phosphorylation of gene/protein MAPKAPK2
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB02010	Staurosporine not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB03431	Adenosine-5'-Diphosphate not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB07234	3-{[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]amino}-4-(pyridin ... not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB07406	(4R)-N-[4-({[2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHYL]AMIN ... not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB07430	(10R)-10-methyl-3-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl) ... not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB07431	(3R)-3-(aminomethyl)-9-methoxy-1,2,3,4-t ... not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB07728	2-[2-(2-FLUOROPHENYL)PYRIDIN-4-YL]-1,5,6 ... not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB08358	2-(2-QUINOLIN-3-YLPYRIDIN-4-YL)-1,5,6,7- ... not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB02010	Staurosporine not specified MAPKAPK2
Drugbank DB03431	Adenosine-5'-Diphosphate not specified MAPKAPK2

Comment	6-OHDA-treatment increases phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, its direct target MAPKAPK-2 and JNK and its target c-jun.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4148	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_phosphorylation of gene/protein MAPK8
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for MAPK8
Drugbank DB01782	2,6-Dihydroanthra/1,9-Cd/Pyrazol-6-One not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07218	6-CHLORO-9-HYDROXY-1,3-DIMETHYL-1,9-DIHY ... not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07268	2-({2-[(3-HYDROXYPHENYL)AMINO]PYRIMIDIN- ... not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07272	N-(4-AMINO-5-CYANO-6-ETHOXYPYRIDIN-2-YL) ... not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07276	5-CYANO-N-(2,5-DIMETHOXYBENZYL)-6-ETHOXY ... not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07845	2-fluoro-6-{[2-({2-methoxy-4-[(methylsul ... not specified MAPK8

Comment	6-OHDA-treatment increases phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, its direct target MAPKAPK-2 and JNK and its target c-jun.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4150	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_phosphorylation of gene/protein JUN
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for JUN
Drugbank DB00570	Vinblastine other/unknown JUN
Drugbank DB01029	Irbesartan other/unknown JUN
Drugbank DB01169	Arsenic trioxide inducer JUN
Drugbank DB01029	Irbesartan other/unknown JUN

Comment	SP 600125, a JNK-specific inhibitor almost totally prevented the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA, indicating that the activation of this kinase is a key event in 6-OHDA neurotoxicity.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4151	drug/chemical compound SP600125 decreases_activity of gene/protein MAPK8
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for MAPK8
Drugbank DB01782	2,6-Dihydroanthra/1,9-Cd/Pyrazol-6-One not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07218	6-CHLORO-9-HYDROXY-1,3-DIMETHYL-1,9-DIHY ... not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07268	2-({2-[(3-HYDROXYPHENYL)AMINO]PYRIMIDIN- ... not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07272	N-(4-AMINO-5-CYANO-6-ETHOXYPYRIDIN-2-YL) ... not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07276	5-CYANO-N-(2,5-DIMETHOXYBENZYL)-6-ETHOXY ... not specified MAPK8
Drugbank DB07845	2-fluoro-6-{[2-({2-methoxy-4-[(methylsul ... not specified MAPK8

Comment	SP 600125, a JNK-specific inhibitor almost totally prevented the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA, indicating that the activation of this kinase is a key event in 6-OHDA neurotoxicity.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4152	drug/chemical compound SP600125 decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA

Comment	SP 600125, a JNK-specific inhibitor almost totally prevented the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA, indicating that the activation of this kinase is a key event in 6-OHDA neurotoxicity.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4154	drug/chemical compound SP600125 decreases_activity of process neuron death induced by 6-OHDA

Comment	JNK activation mediates 6-OHDA-induced cell death in post-mitotic PC12 cells.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4155	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_activity of process JNK cascade

Comment	Akt pathway is inhibited after 6-OHDA treatment in differentiated PC12 cells and its inhibition is involved in the cell death process.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4156	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA decreases_activity of process protein kinase B signaling

Comment	Akt was basally phosphorylated in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells and its phosphorylation decreased 4 h after 6-OHDA treatment.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4157	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA decreases_phosphorylation of gene/protein AKT1
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for AKT1
Drugbank DB00171	Adenosine triphosphate not specified AKT1
Drugbank DB01169	Arsenic trioxide inducer AKT1
Drugbank DB01863	Inositol 1,3,4,5-Tetrakisphosphate not specified AKT1
Drugbank DB07584	N-[2-(5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phe ... not specified AKT1
Drugbank DB07585	5-(5-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4 ... not specified AKT1
Drugbank DB00171	Adenosine triphosphate not specified AKT1
Drugbank DB01863	Inositol 1,3,4,5-Tetrakisphosphate not specified AKT1

Comment	Re-entry into the cell cycle of post-mitotic PC12 cells is also involved in 6-OHDA-induced cell death.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4159	drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA increases_activity of process re-entry into mitotic cell cycle

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4172	drug/chemical compound Ascorbate decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4173	drug/chemical compound Estradiol NOT decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for Estradiol
Drugbank DB00783	Estradiol agonist ESR1
Drugbank DB00783	Estradiol not specified NR1I2
Drugbank DB00783	Estradiol agonist ESR2

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4174	drug/chemical compound Trolox NOT decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4175	drug/chemical compound Melatonin decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for Melatonin
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin not specified ASMT
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin agonist MTNR1A
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin agonist MTNR1B
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin agonist RORB
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin not specified CALM1
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin not specified CALR
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin not specified NQO2
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin inhibitor MPO
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin antagonist ESR1
Drugbank DB01065	Melatonin inhibitor EPX

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4176	drug/chemical compound Taurine decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4177	drug/chemical compound Curcumin decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4178	drug/chemical compound Vanillate decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA
Drugbank entries	Show/Hide entries for Vanillate
Drugbank DB08711	VANILLATE not specified xynY

Comment	To confirm that the increase in intracellular oxidants soon after 6-OHDA treatment is involved in the cell death induced by this neurotoxin, post-mitotic PC12 cells were pre-incubated with several antioxidants for 4 h before the addition of 6-OHDA for another 24 h. All the antioxidants used, except estradiol and trolox, were able to reduce the cell damage induced by 6-OHDA.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 4179	drug/chemical compound Gallate decreases_activity of drug/chemical compound 6-OHDA

Comment	Re-entry of post-mitotic cells into the cell cycle process is mediated by oxidative stress.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 10817	process response to oxidative stress increases_activity of process re-entry into mitotic cell cycle if oxidative stress has been induced by 6-OHD

Comment	Neuron death in Parkinson disease as well as in other neurodegenerative diseases, relates to the re-entry of neurons (post-mitotic cells) in the cell cycle.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 10819	disease Parkinson disease increases_activity of process re-entry into mitotic cell cycle

Comment	At least three intracellular pathways are involved in 6-OHDA-induced cell death in differentiated PC12 cells: JNK activation, cell cycle progression (both oxidative stress-dependent), and Akt dephosphorylation (not related to the increase of oxidants); the three pathways are necessary for the cells to die, since blocking one of them is sufficient to keep the cells alive.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 10820	process JNK cascade increases_activity of process neuron death

Comment	At least three intracellular pathways are involved in 6-OHDA-induced cell death in differentiated PC12 cells: JNK activation, cell cycle progression (both oxidative stress-dependent), and Akt dephosphorylation (not related to the increase of oxidants); the three pathways are necessary for the cells to die, since blocking one of them is sufficient to keep the cells alive.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 10821	process protein kinase B signaling decreases_activity of process neuron death

Comment	At least three intracellular pathways are involved in 6-OHDA-induced cell death in differentiated PC12 cells: JNK activation, cell cycle progression (both oxidative stress-dependent), and Akt dephosphorylation (not related to the increase of oxidants); the three pathways are necessary for the cells to die, since blocking one of them is sufficient to keep the cells alive.
Formal Description Interaction-ID: 10822	process re-entry into mitotic cell cycle increases_activity of process neuron death in neuronal cells